Background checks

The National Child Protection Act of 1993 (42 U.S.C. 5119 et seq.) is amended—(1)by redesignating section 5 as section 6; and(2)by inserting after section 4 the following:

Program for national criminal history background checks

(a)

Definitions

In this section—(1)the term background check designee means the entity designated by the Attorney General under subsection (b)(3) to carry out the duties described in subsection (c);(2)the term covered entity means any business or organization that provides, or licenses, certifies, or coordinates individuals or organizations to provide, care, care placement, supervision, treatment, education, training, instruction, or recreation to children;(3)the term covered individual means an individual—(A)who has, seeks to have, or may have unsupervised access to vulnerable populations served by a covered entity; or(B)who—(i)is employed by or volunteers with, or seeks to be employed by or volunteer with, a covered entity; or(ii)owns or operates, or seeks to own or operate, a covered entity;(4)the term criminal history review designee means the entity designated by the Attorney General under subsection (b)(2) to carry out the criminal history review program;(5)the term criminal history review program means the program established under subsection (d);(6)the term qualified State program means a program of a State authorized agency that provides access to national criminal history background checks, as authorized by Federal or State law;(7)the term State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau; and(8)the term vulnerable populations shall include elderly persons, disabled persons, and children.(b)

Establishment of program

(1)

Purpose

The purpose of this subsection is to facilitate widespread access to State and national criminal history background checks, not otherwise authorized by Federal or State law, on covered individuals.(2)

In general

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Child Protection Improvements Act of 2013, the Attorney General shall establish—(A)policies and procedures to carry out the duties described in subsection (c); and(B)a criminal history review program in accordance with subsection (d).(3)

Designees

The Attorney General may designate one or more Federal Government agencies to carry out the duties described in subsection (c).(c)

Access to state and national background checks

(1)

Duties

The Attorney General shall—(A)inform covered entities and covered individuals about how to request State and national background checks—(i)for covered entities and covered individuals located in a State with a qualified State program, by referring the covered entity or covered individual to the State authorized agency; or(ii)for covered entities and covered individuals located in a State without a qualified State program, by providing information on alternative methods of obtaining a State and national background check;(B)complete a check of the national criminal history background check system; and(C)provide information received in response to such national criminal history background check to the criminal history review designee.(2)

Required information

A request for a State and national criminal history background check shall include—(A)the fingerprints of the covered individual;(B)other documents required by State law for a State criminal history background check; and(C)the appropriate fee.(3)

Fees

The Attorney General shall, in addition to the fee for the noncriminal justice national criminal history background check authorized under section 534 of title 28, United States Code—(A)collect a fee to offset the costs of carrying out the duties described in subsection (d), in an amount equal to the cost of conducting the criminal history review; and(B)remit such fee to the Federal Bureau of Investigation.(d)

Criminal history review program

(1)

Purpose

The purpose of this subsection is to provide covered entities with reliable and accurate information regarding the fitness of the covered individuals to have responsibility for the safety and well-being of vulnerable populations in their care.(2)

Requirements

The Attorney General or designee shall—(A)establish procedures to securely receive criminal history records;(B)make determinations regarding whether the criminal history records received in response to a criminal history background check conducted under this section indicate that the covered individual has a criminal history that may bear on the covered individual's fitness to provide care to vulnerable populations;(C)convey to the covered entity that submitted the request for a State and national criminal history background check—(i)the fitness and suitability of the covered individual based solely on the criteria described in paragraph (3); and(ii)instructions and guidance that the covered entity should consult the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Enforcement Guidance #915.002, dated April 25, 2012, Consideration of Arrest and Conviction Records in Employment Decisions under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, or any successor thereto, issued by the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.(3)

Criminal history review criteria

In determining whether a criminal history record indicates that a covered individual has a criminal history that may bear on the fitness of the covered individual to provide care to vulnerable populations, the Attorney General or designee shall employ the criteria used to evaluate individuals under other Federal laws, such as the Volunteers for Children Act (Public Law 105–251; 112 Stat. 1885), the Serve America Act (Public Law 111–13; 123 Stat. 1460), and the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–248; 120 Stat. 587).(4)

Application processing

(A)

In general

The Attorney General shall establish the process by which a covered entity or a covered individual in a State without a qualified State program may obtain a State and national criminal history background check.(B)

Challenge to completeness of record

A covered individual may challenge the completeness of any information in the criminal history record of the individual by contacting the Federal Bureau of Investigation under the procedure set out in section 16.34 of title 28, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor thereto.(5)

Participation in program

The Attorney General or designee shall determine whether an entity is a covered entity.(6)

Privacy of information

(A)

In general

Any entity authorized to receive or transmit fingerprints or criminal history records under this section—(i)shall use the fingerprints, criminal history records, or information in the criminal history records only for the purposes specifically set forth in this section; and(ii)shall maintain adequate security measures to ensure the confidentiality of the fingerprints, the criminal history records, and the information in the criminal history records.(B)

Retention of fingerprints by the FBI

In accordance with State or Federal procedures, for the purpose of providing fingerprint verification, criminal investigation or subsequent hit notification services, or for the retention of criminal history, the Federal Bureau of Investigation may retain any fingerprints submitted to the Federal Bureau of Investigation under this section.(7)

Rule of construction

Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to change or replace any background check program authorized by Federal or State law on the day before the date of enactment of the Child Protection Improvements Act of 2013.