113 HR 808 IH: Department of Peacebuilding Act of 2013
U.S. House of Representatives
2013-02-25
text/xml
EN
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1.Short title; table of
contents
(a)This Act may be cited
as the Department of Peacebuilding Act
of 2013
.
(b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Title I—ESTABLISHMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF PEACEBUILDING
Sec. 101. Establishment of Department of
Peacebuilding.
Sec. 102. Responsibilities and powers.
Sec. 103. Principal officers.
Sec. 104. Office of Peace Education and Training.
Sec. 105. Office of Domestic Peace Activities.
Sec. 106. Office of International Peace Activities.
Sec. 107. Office of Technology for Peace.
Sec. 108. Office of Arms Control and Disarmament.
Sec. 109. Office of Peacebuilding Information and
Research.
Sec. 110. Office of Human Rights and Economic
Rights.
Sec. 111. Intergovernmental Advisory Council on
Peace.
Sec. 112. Federal Interagency Committee on Peace.
Sec. 113. Staff.
Sec. 114. Consultation required.
Sec. 115. Collaboration.
Title II—OTHER MATTERS
Sec. 201. Legislative recommendations of the
Secretary.
Sec. 202. Peace Days.
Sec. 203. Definitions.
Sec. 204. Authorization of appropriations.
2.Congress finds the following:
(1)On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental
Congress unanimously declared the independence of the 13 colonies, and the
achievement of peace was recognized as one of the highest duties of the new
organization of free and independent States by declaring, We hold these
truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are
endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are
Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness.
(2)The Constitution
of the United States of America, in its Preamble, further sets forth the
insurance of the cause of peace in stating: We the People of the United
States, in Order to Form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure
domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general
Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our
Posterity
.
(3)During the course of the 20th century, more
than 100,000,000 people perished in wars. The United States has been at war
over the past decade, with 6,600 members of the Armed Forces and hundreds of
thousands of civilians estimated to have been killed in the conflicts in Iraq
and Afghanistan.
(4)Every year 300,000
people are killed by gun violence around the world. In the United States,
100,000 people are shot each year in murders, assaults, suicides and suicide
attempts, accidents, and police actions. Over 30,000 people die each year of
gunshot wounds, 12,000 of whom are murdered. Every day, 50 children are shot,
and 8 of those children die.
(5)A 2004 World Health Organization report
estimates that interpersonal violence within the United States costs
approximately $300 billion annually, not including war-related costs. The
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that an average of 16 people
age 10 to 24 were murdered each day in the United States in 2005. The Pew
Charitable Trust calculates that child abuse and neglect in the United States
cost $103.8 billion in 2007.
(6)In 1999, the United Nations adopted a
Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace, stating that a culture of peace is
an integral approach to preventing violence and violent conflicts, an
alternative to the culture of war and violence, and is based on education for
peace, the promotion of sustainable economic and social development, respect
for human rights, equality between women and men, democratic participation,
tolerance, and the free flow of information and disarmament. The United Nations
declared the years 2001 through 2010 an International Decade for a Culture of
Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World and the United Nations
supports a culture of peace going forward.
(7)On April 4, 2012, the Institute for
Economics and Peace released a United States Peace Index, which assessed
peacefulness at the State and city levels and analyzed the costs associated
with violence and the socio-economic measures associated with peace. While
violence within the United States had declined over the year 2011, violence and
violence containment still cost the average taxpayer $3,257. The total cost of
violence to the United States—including lost productivity from violence—was
conservatively calculated to be over $460 billion.
(8)A study by the Institute for Economics and
Peace released September 20, 2012, reports conservative estimates for 2010,
that 15 percent of the gross domestic product of the United States, or $15,000
per taxpayer, was spent on containing violence. The study included government,
corporate, and individual expenditure, regardless of whether it was related to
international affairs such as offshore military activities, or domestic
spending such as dealing with crime and the consequences of crime.
(9)Violence prevention is cost effective. For
every dollar spent in violence prevention and peacebuilding, many lives and
many dollars are saved. The philosophy and techniques of nonviolence and the
science of peacebuilding provide tools and techniques that can be applied not
only at the levels of individual and community growth, but also within the
Federal Government and at national and international levels.
(10)Peacebuilding is defined by the United
Nations as a range of measures targeted to reduce the risk of lapsing or
relapsing into conflict by strengthening national capacities at all levels for
conflict management, and to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and
development. Peacebuilding is built upon research into the root causes of
violence in the United States and the world, through promotion and promulgation
of effective policies and programs that ameliorate those root causes of
violence, and through providing all citizens, organizations, and governmental
bodies with opportunities to learn about and practice the essential tools of
nonviolent conflict resolution and peacebuilding.
(11)In 2000, the Earth Charter Commission
released the Earth Charter, an international declaration of fundamental values
and principles created to build a just, sustainable, and peaceful global
society. The preamble of the Earth Charter provides, To move forward we
must recognize that in the midst of a magnificent diversity of cultures and
life forms we are one human family and one Earth community with a common
destiny. We must join together to bring forth a sustainable global society
founded on respect for nature, universal human rights, economic justice, and a
culture of peace.
Peacebuilding is working together with all nations to
protect both life and land and hold the Earth in balance.
<enum>I</enum><header>ESTABLISHMENT OF
DEPARTMENT OF PEACEBUILDING</header>
<section id="H985DDE9104634379AE440BD72B8DDCB8"><enum>101.</enum><header>Establishment
of Department of Peacebuilding</header>
<subsection id="H928A5DF7944B4159AF5DF3C5226DBB3A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is hereby established a Department of Peacebuilding, that shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H44D4844E4FA54AD89CDD4F853847B28B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>be a department in
the executive branch of the Federal Government; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBCD325462024833BE6B555C2BF347B2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>be dedicated to
peacebuilding, peacemaking, and the study and promotion of conditions conducive
to both domestic and international peace and a culture of peace.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD733DC7B863F475A8451945DEA1A5953"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Secretary of
Peacebuilding</header><text>There shall be at the head of the Department a
Secretary of Peacebuilding, who shall be appointed by the President, by and
with the advice and consent of the Senate.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFC19FC09705742F9822DACF071AAC95B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Mission</header><text>The
Department shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HF60C593665F746CA89514847917ECF3E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>cultivate peace
and peacebuilding as a strategic national policy objective;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD1056954785403C910270511AC90B75"><enum>(2)</enum><text>reduce and prevent
violence in the United States and internationally through peacebuilding and
effective nonviolent conflict resolution;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H080129E99E144951BBD6416D423233AD"><enum>(3)</enum><text>strengthen
nonmilitary means of peacemaking;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF2E941DE92394C59B403300ED9D7CE4B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>take a proactive,
strategic approach in the development of field-tested, best practices and
policies that promote national and international conflict prevention,
nonviolent intervention, mediation, peaceful resolution of conflict, and
structured mediation of conflict;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7641DC354779460A838E0039FD6BAD5F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>address matters
both domestic and international in scope;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E5213FFD30A43F1B2C3B47D7E87B3DA"><enum>(6)</enum><text>provide an
institutional platform for the growing wealth of expertise in peacebuilding to
dramatically reduce the national and global epidemic of violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF41DAE8ED51249D2B3730E2CF47A3785"><enum>(7)</enum><text>support local
communities in finding, funding, replicating, and expanding programs to reduce
and prevent violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H22FBF7A6C6AC47138DBC48790934355E"><enum>(8)</enum><text>invest in
nongovernmental organizations that have implemented successful initiatives to
reduce and prevent violence, both internationally and domestically; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA950E02BF1D84F13B54324B5FCE69358"><enum>(9)</enum><text>consult with other
Federal agencies to apply and practice the science of peacebuilding in their
respective fields of responsibility.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H6EC95A15629749308246E682E4733115"><enum>102.</enum><header>Responsibilities
and powers</header>
<subsection id="H27D51132F8A345C5BDB6A356E00551D1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HFC15DF9521CE41E7B88F2BDC8C7A2892"><enum>(1)</enum><text>work proactively
and interactively with each branch of the Federal Government on all policy
matters relating to conditions of peace;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H34897659125842BE81EF39ECBE576AD5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>call on the
experience and expertise of the people of the United States and seek
participation in the development of policy from private, public, and
nongovernmental organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H91EB4F6C64844640B067C52FFD31E0E8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>monitor and
analyze causative principles of conflict and make policy recommendations for
developing and maintaining peaceful conduct;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDAC576B0EBF445839015706DB7D66B3A"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">research effective violence reduction
programs and promote and promulgate such programs within Government and
society; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H11262921944E4E9592FA73666730C6C7"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">consult with private, public, and
nongovernmental organizations to develop a metric model that provides the means
to measure and report progress toward peace in the United States to the
President, Congress, and the people of the United States, and issue reports on
such progress annually.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H66F1375D05504C89A87CC988D300994A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Domestic
responsibilities</header><text>The Secretary shall collaborate with
governmental and nongovernmental entities and citizens to promote personal and
community security and peace by—</text>
<paragraph id="H77CF0B7AC29741ACB70C3793011D712E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>developing new
policies and supporting existing policies that effectively address personal and
family violence, including suicide, domestic violence, spousal abuse, child
abuse, and mistreatment of the elderly;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA2D00BF2C8A64A4E8138EE6D4203A4A9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>creating new
policies and programs and expanding existing policies and programs that
effectively reduce drug and alcohol abuse;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA733801042C34B7C999B348A414578C3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>developing new
policies and programs and expanding existing policies and programs that
effectively address crime, punishment, and rehabilitation, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBADE980B33494110914A12BEC068842F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>working to reduce
prison recidivism rates;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H90BDCE4BDAA5492FBF0334218227CAFE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>supporting the
implementation of nonviolent conflict resolution education and training for
victims, perpetrators, and those who work with them; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H75EE9DAF316143B19AA3DCF9F14FC8BB"><enum>(C)</enum><text>supporting
effective police and community relations;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H681AB48DA0E44864B6B2FAD0DAA576EA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>analyzing existing
policies, employing successful, field-tested programs, and developing new
approaches for dealing with the tools of violence, including handguns,
especially among youth;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF9554ED72DFD4B45981B9761A2588BDF"><enum>(5)</enum><text>developing new and
expanding effective programs that relate to the societal challenges of school
violence, gangs, racial or ethnic violence, violence against gays and lesbians,
and police-community relations disputes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB6B10E787D0F44ADBB4508D8DD04DF95"><enum>(6)</enum><text>making policy
recommendations to the Attorney General regarding civil rights and labor
law;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0CF149D2891643D085E65173666ADFBC"><enum>(7)</enum><text>assisting in the
establishment and funding of community-based violence prevention programs,
including violence prevention counseling and peer mediation in schools and
unarmed civilian peacekeeping at a local level;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C75C4D83DA84589842D9A8CC7F3A5EB"><enum>(8)</enum><text>providing
counseling and advocating on behalf of individuals victimized by
violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC6AA2B7C875D47A69254E699F6F49602"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">providing for public education programs and
counseling strategies that promote tolerance and respect for the diversity of
the people of the United States with regard to race, religion, creed, gender
and gender identification, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, and other
perceived difference; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5DA55D6DF8C041E3852BF225AF7FD7CE"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">supporting local community initiatives that
draw on neighborhood resources to create peace projects that facilitate the
development of conflict resolution and thereby inform and inspire national
policy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7E08157A91DE43B099A28B3E070737FE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>International
responsibilities</header><text>The Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H5DCF5902FBF9434E86930E897D85FEEA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>advise the
Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State on matters relating to national
security, including the protection of human rights and the prevention of,
amelioration of, and de-escalation of unarmed and armed international
conflict;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD6AA6B8C260D49ED86FF27EE8A01A0B2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>contribute to and
participate in the development of training of all United States personnel who
administer post-conflict reconstruction and demobilization in war-torn
societies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H345C7A9EDAE9476FAB51C69EBC760379"><enum>(3)</enum><text>sponsor country
and regional conflict-prevention and dispute-resolution initiatives, create
special task forces, and draw on local, regional, and national expertise to
develop plans and programs for addressing the root sources of conflict in
troubled areas;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF9EC60D2DCF64A36B1B356BA9DE00146"><enum>(4)</enum><text>counsel and
advocate on behalf of women victimized by violence, including rape, during
conflict and post-conflict situations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC1ECB392D57C494FA9481BC84712E512"><enum>(5)</enum><text>provide for
exchanges between the United States and other nations of individuals who
endeavor to develop domestic and international peace-based initiatives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HCF112DBE96EC4F70A88E1C2C460A1881"><enum>(6)</enum><text>encourage the
development of international sister city programs, pairing United States cities
with cities around the globe for artistic, cultural, economic, educational, and
faith-based exchanges;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H168A524B102A4CBC843360D099F2E241"><enum>(7)</enum><text>establish and
administer a budget designated for the training and deployment of unarmed
civilian peacekeepers to participate in multinational nonviolent peacekeeping
forces that may be conducted by civilian, governmental, or multilateral
organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H81F921C98C7B4C7A9E334295320769E9"><enum>(8)</enum><text>jointly with the
Secretary of the Treasury, strengthen peace enforcement through hiring and
training monitors and investigators to help with the enforcement of
international arms embargoes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD5FB1734367E4E8E97678414F19D2D83"><enum>(9)</enum><text>bring together all
stakeholders who are impacted by a conflict by facilitating peace summits where
such stakeholders may gather under carefully prepared conditions to promote
nonviolent communication and mutually beneficial solutions;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B064FCBF6224595A0E1F0E6EFEA81EC"><enum>(10)</enum><text>submit to the
President recommendations for reductions in weapons of mass destruction, and
make annual reports to the President on the sale of arms from the United States
to other nations, with analysis of the impact of such sales on the defense of
the United States and how such sales affect peace;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA28970A0BBF042238FB22B2536CA08E2"><enum>(11)</enum><text>in consultation
with the Secretary of State, develop strategies for sustainability and
management of the distribution of international funds;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H878182805FC04FFBA52C30553CD8F9D4"><enum>(12)</enum><text>advise the
Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations on matters
pertaining to the United Nations Security Council; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF4A1D517B9B64F9B89ACF5E06F2F5B98"><enum>(13)</enum><text>support the
implementation of international peacebuilding strategies through a balanced use
of peacebuilding, diplomacy, development, and defense.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2B66E54BFEF14554880DB05249D1F636"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Membership of
the Secretary of Peacebuilding on the National Security
Council</header><text>Section 101(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50
U.S.C. 402(a)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H47181283145B4C26A5EC26C0FFAE1C48"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (6), by striking
<quote>Director for Mutual Security;</quote> and inserting <quote>Secretary of
Peacebuilding; and</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA0DE99C7A764D59BCE93C5B55B958C1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (7);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H07BA923ACFF14459912DCF199229B72C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by redesignating
paragraph (8) as paragraph (7); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4E08E4D250A243559C313366934AE1B7"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in paragraph (7)
(as redesignated by paragraph (3) of this subsection), by striking <quote>the
Chairman of the Munitions Board, and the Chairman of the Research and
Development Board,</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDAD8D923DC574631B53E7A8F01184ACB"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Human security
responsibilities</header><text>The Secretary shall address and offer nonviolent
conflict resolution strategies and suggest resources for unarmed civilian
peacekeepers to the appropriate relevant parties on issues of human security if
such security is threatened by conflict, whether such conflict is geographic,
religious, ethnic, racial, or class-based in its origin, derives from economic
concerns, or is initiated through disputes concerning scarcity of natural
resources (such as water and energy resources), food, trade, or climate and
environmental concerns.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H91D1AA30A0C648ADB0E3D64296F5A7D3"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Media-Related
responsibilities</header><text>Respecting the First Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States and the requirement for free and independent
media, the Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H8DCD19E3FF0243E3A767394E968BED8F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>seek assistance in
the design and implementation of nonviolent policies from media
professionals;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6A8903B7396942899F4F488793338049"><enum>(2)</enum><text>study the role of
the media in the escalation and de-escalation of conflict at domestic and
international levels, including the role of fear-inducing and hate-inducing
speech and actions, and making the findings of such study public; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H87DD6AF2B6854695AD1221453D4BF479"><enum>(3)</enum><text>make
recommendations to professional media organizations in order to provide
opportunities to increase media awareness of peace-building initiatives.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC5F217AC9E924E8DBEB132D10378D768"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Educational
responsibilities</header><text>The Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HA5821EF29E184F8CA21EF10CF344EB16"><enum>(1)</enum><text>with the support
of, and in consultation with, the United States Institute of Peace, develop a
peace education curriculum that includes studies of—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H14D0664C5D8A442CBA263CC4D3B101BC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the civil rights
movement in the United States and throughout the world, with special emphasis
on the role of nonviolence and how individual endeavor and involvement have
contributed to advancements in peace and justice;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H82919DF4C21C45D18CBF63FE0CC80B97"><enum>(B)</enum><text>peace agreements
and circumstances in which peaceful intervention has worked to stop conflict;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HFA86F068D5A141B6897D8699099A55C9"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the patriarchal structure of society and
the inherent violence of such structure in the shaping of relationships and
institutions;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2AEC0EF521E14BD1966CB653FD323E2B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in consultation
with the Secretary of Education—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF5DF0DAC3017456892819B61BBF79B22"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">commission the development of such
curriculum and make such curriculum available to local school districts to
enable the use of peace education objectives at elementary schools and
secondary schools in the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7050215BBBE94A259A25D08D5E7E05CD"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">support in early childhood, elementary
schools, secondary schools, and institutions of higher education a
well-resourced, balanced education that includes math, science, English,
history, ethnic studies, social studies, health, physical education, foreign
languages, the arts, and music that will prepare students for success in a
globally interconnected world; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H600FF76AD60E416C8C2C734400DDD4EF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>offer incentives
in the form of grants and training to encourage the development of State peace
curricula and assist schools in applying for such curricula;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0BD0F230E59E43AA877ECB7FBBC196A8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>work with
educators to equip students to become skilled in achieving peace through
reflection, and facilitate instruction in the ways of peaceful conflict
resolution;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD511E9B547C14443825BD99CE8DFD268"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">ensure that schools are nonviolence zones
that provide a peaceful educational environment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0483799FDCB4BDCAF6396A849F238DF"><enum>(5)</enum><text>create school and
community cultures where students and staff do not feel threatened and are free
from bullying and harassment by developing and implementing curricula in
nonviolent conflict resolution education for teachers, students, parents, the
school community, and the community at large;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7EBE8418BE844796826EA3F861968335"><enum>(6)</enum><text>maintain a public
website to solicit and receive ideas for the development of peace from the
wealth of the politically, socially, and culturally diverse public;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8A9297D82AD49648888FAF6C3B4E5EB"><enum>(7)</enum><text>proactively engage
the critical thinking capabilities of students and teachers of elementary
schools, secondary schools, and institutions of higher education through the
Internet and other media and issue periodic reports concerning any submissions
from such students and teachers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H9DF32BA630634E31AF824A8BF92EADB4"><enum>(8)</enum><text>create and
establish a Peace Academy that shall—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H7D720FAD65814D65957F40136D7F2AF4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>be modeled after
the military service academies; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H352EC399FF72498C9D55071507FA0BEE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>provide a 4-year
course of instruction in peace education, after which graduates will be
required to serve 5 years in public service in programs dedicated to domestic
or international nonviolent conflict resolution; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HDDE0FB34D960474BB85054906643C3E0"><enum>(9)</enum><text>provide grants for
peace studies departments in institutions of higher education throughout the
United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H11625A8016AC4D3B920E2E777322D5D6"><enum>103.</enum><header>Principal
officers</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H9E41FAE1DB1C4560AA50D0A4D89D90D8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Under Secretary
of Peacebuilding</header><text>The President shall appoint an Under Secretary
of Peacebuilding in the Department, by and with the advice and consent of the
Senate. During the absence or disability of the Secretary, or in the event of a
vacancy in the office of the Secretary, the Under Secretary shall act as
Secretary. The Secretary shall designate the order in which other officials of
the Department shall act and perform the functions of the Secretary during the
absence or disability of both the Secretary and Under Secretary or in the event
of vacancies in both offices.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HFD255AA191BD48F1A1EA60C295A711C6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
positions</header>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H80864095478949D3BA144729E363320B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
appoint in the Department, by and with the advice and consent of the
Senate—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4CD73402CAF545C08B9CCA99E1742699"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Peace Education and Training;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBB2C418BF56849149636ABF41F88B35A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Domestic Peace Activities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB8DF01B48CFF42DBADAD5572C1E208EB"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for International Peace Activities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1FA30B72BE844191B81731E9203BBEC2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Technology for Peace;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H69EF78F9A992475C85C5B773DA762C1B"><enum>(E)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Arms Control and Disarmament;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H87984F037C024E3B9EA3A7D8E6267C07"><enum>(F)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Peacebuilding Information and Research;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H186EB23FA3654995BF1ED0A2D5057815"><enum>(G)</enum><text>an Assistant
Secretary for Human and Economic Rights; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB6F692A634AC4745A2124247FF0B4BDA"><enum>(H)</enum><text>a General
Counsel.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H033FB7744A2D425EB85D7204B1823F64"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Establishment of
Inspector General of the Department of Peacebuilding</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 12 of the Inspector General Act of
1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA77ED03F486940099EDA65C0622294CC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (1),
by inserting <quote>Peacebuilding,</quote> after <quote>Homeland
Security,</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE07B51B151EC48B3A212F424208AA8D6"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (2), by inserting
<quote>Peacebuilding,</quote> after <quote>Homeland Security,</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE61A55FD6F234F748CC439E49ED26973"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Additional
officers</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
appoint 4 additional officers in the Department, by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate. The officers appointed under this paragraph shall
perform such functions as the Secretary shall prescribe, including—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H5CA7E0EDAFF14DAB8FFF4923AD6E6640"><enum>(A)</enum><text>congressional
relations functions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB491904D550C491E9914CE773ACBE4C8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>public information
functions, including providing, through the use of the latest technologies,
useful information about peace and the work of the Department;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H30A4F4946D664EFDB54AFE78BEFC368D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>management and
budget functions; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H0BF5ED5E67F24D929ACD25B6E57C3128"><enum>(D)</enum><text>planning,
evaluation, and policy development functions, including development of policies
to promote the efficient and coordinated administration of the Department and
its programs and encourage improvements in conflict resolution and violence
prevention.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H31B031886B3449B697DA67BBAFF54E8F"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Description of
functions</header><text>In any case in which the President submits the name of
an individual to the Senate for confirmation as an officer of the Department
under this subsection, the President shall state the particular functions such
individual will exercise upon taking office.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H31B46481C76E4081815351C54D83E2EB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authority of
Secretary</header><text>Each officer described in this section shall report
directly to the Secretary and shall, in addition to any functions vested in or
required to be delegated to such officer, perform such additional functions as
the Secretary may prescribe.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H46C99D7AED1444CD97D0D22839EC956A"><enum>104.</enum><header>Office of Peace
Education and Training</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H9E5EF03BFE3049848FCF5576B21C96B4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be in the
Department an Office of Peace Education and Training, the head of which shall
be the Assistant Secretary for Peace Education and Training. The Assistant
Secretary for Peace Education and Training shall carry out those functions of
the Department relating to the creation, encouragement, and impact of peace
education and training at the elementary, secondary, university, and
postgraduate levels, including the development of a Peace Academy, and
disseminate applicable policies and research in consultation with entities of
the Department of Health and Human Services, including—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H64BF1B2D6BEA4ABD916CF7C67444FB34"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Administration
for Children and Families;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H593F09AB15984F4EBFCE8223A61C36A5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Administration
on Aging;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBC5807C1C1704608BD0AEFE4F83C0F3A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAF1E60FF64354EA2ADC4590DE95BEE00"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the National Institutes of Health.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H11CC292D4B4A46B480B190AD0918FA8A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Peace
curriculum</header><text>The Assistant Secretary of Peace Education and
Training, in consultation with the Secretary of Education, the United States
Institute of Peace, nongovernmental groups, public institutions, peace and
conflict studies programs of institutions of higher education, and Federal
agencies that provide effective peace training materials and curricula, shall
support the development and dissemination of effective peace curricula and
supporting materials for distribution to departments of education in each State
and territory of the United States. The peace curriculum shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H270FA9C9215242648C087FC52350AF86"><enum>(1)</enum><text>building
communicative peace skills and nonviolent conflict resolution skills;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H63412193CDAA4D31A29820BA78A461F8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>teaching and
fostering compassion, empathy, tolerance, respect, inclusion, and forgiveness;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H660B1DD8B9084D0F9CAF40908382F85F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>promoting other
objectives to increase the knowledge of peace processes.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF941CDA68EC44522BA9082E9A951FA5A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Grants</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary of Peace Education and Training shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H61CDEEB3363A4DCEB714EE748C8BCAE8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide peace
education grants to institutions of higher education for the creation and
expansion of peace studies departments and the education and training of
teachers in peace studies; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD3B84B32FC194A85A264E13E93DDC4C6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>create a Community
Peace Block Grant program under which the Secretary shall make grants to
nonprofit organizations and nongovernmental organizations for the purposes of
developing innovative neighborhood programs for nonviolent conflict resolution
and creating local peacebuilding initiatives.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7720160518E5428D9A060D71E6B3D67F"><enum>105.</enum><header>Office of
Domestic Peace Activities</header>
<subsection id="H2FA6F5AA78CF41F4B4E9A7248B500F1F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department an Office of Domestic
Peace Activities, the head of which shall be the Assistant Secretary for
Domestic Peace Activities. The Assistant Secretary for Domestic Peace
Activities shall carry out those functions in the Department affecting domestic
peace activities, including the development of policies that increase awareness
about intervention and counseling on domestic violence and conflict.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H204246ABCE474C9A81D3FFAA12FF67BB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary for Domestic Peace Activities shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H511F9182F1C04B4DA6D9068A71BD3D40"><enum>(1)</enum><text>develop policy and
disseminate best practices from the field for the treatment of drug and alcohol
abuse;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBC950241CE164C5A8835C4DCC4D229B8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>develop
community-based strategies for celebrating diversity and promoting
tolerance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB23DD305921749F7A89A35A47039417D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">develop new policies and build on existing
proven programs—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1450343CEBF74ECCBD648ABD08AF6A4D"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to assist in the prevention of crime,
including the development of community policing strategies and peaceful
settlement skills among police and other public safety officers;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H802C18248C1E425783E4BD986EA9A733"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to assist in the re-entry into the
community by individuals who have been incarcerated, including training in
anger management and peacebuilding skills, life skills, and educational and job
skills;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2E85EC92449E4755B57B2B4F92EDA4FC"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to assist in creating strong and healthy
families, including supporting mental health services, domestic violence
prevention, gang prevention, anti-bullying programs, substance abuse
prevention, and parenting skills;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0AE5A10207FB4CD3BC32453628752AEF"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to provide restorative justice programs at
all levels of the criminal justice system that bring together offenders,
victims, and community members in an effort to repair the damage caused by
criminal activity through accountability and rehabilitation;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2328C4072BAA455C8DE790DAC4079027"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to provide for training and deployment into
neighborhoods of nonmilitary domestic conflict prevention and peacemaking
personnel, including violence interrupters and civilian community peacekeepers;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H73275C02B5244237AA5A80FE9482A931"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to implement community-based policing to
break down barriers between law enforcement officers and the people such
officers serve;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4BC5B2884F0C4D3C8A252DE6354E42E0"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">promote informal and cultural exchanges
between individuals and groups of proximate neighborhoods and regions to
encourage understanding and acceptance; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4DE975BE4DD94E2C9B3FCFDC445E1DFD"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">disseminate applicable policies and
research in consultation with appropriate entities of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H40FAB11162D540E18648F0E03DA74522"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Department of
Justice;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1274FE4383974435A14BA00AB1D170AA"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Department of Health and Human
Services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA546F31512041E4A37F5B50D1C63866"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Department of State; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H419EC5A996434895B2EFE2980A8EBD13"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Department of Education.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H60CD2B6F910E4D079A20F769D56BD423"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Grants</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Assistant Secretary for Domestic Peace
Activities shall create a grant program to be known as the Cultural Diplomacy
for Peace grant program under which the Secretary shall make grants to
elementary schools, secondary schools, institutions of higher education,
nonprofit organizations, and nongovernmental organizations for the purpose of
developing domestic cultural exchanges, including exchanges relating to the
arts and sports, that promote diplomacy and cultural understanding between
neighborhoods and members of the neighboring communities.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF616E85E5AAD4212A5975F90E953FAC2"><enum>106.</enum><header>Office of
International Peace Activities</header>
<subsection id="H8668DED51905467F83F5175AD362CCE2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department an Office of
International Peace Activities, the head of which shall be the Assistant
Secretary for International Peace Activities. The Assistant Secretary for
International Peace Activities shall carry out those functions in the
Department affecting international peace activities.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCACFD6466B654249B1AF07EA231D7189"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary for International Peace Activities shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H2D057F12F2154594A26F71A86093CF71"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">develop new programs and promote existing
proven programs to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8C68134431AA4CEAB9847374660B6FC0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>provide for the
training and deployment of graduates of the Peace Academy established under
section 102(f) and other nonmilitary conflict prevention and peacemaking
personnel;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC0E5AE9A4A774D9A9D080FE3FDDC0058"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">support country and regional conflict
prevention and dispute resolution initiatives in countries experiencing social,
political, or economic strife;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H467376926CEB4F5C90807D5CBBA98A0C"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">provide training for the administration of
post-conflict reconstruction and demobilization in war-torn societies;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBD6187D02C0047E08B77A061FEF2A311"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">address root causes of violence;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H068869EBE6F2409A9D8AAA3F8A81B855"><enum>(E)</enum><text>eradicate extreme
hunger and poverty;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H56F5F7108D7D4AC0ACB58502E1B428D8"><enum>(F)</enum><text>achieve universal
primary education; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H41B25983E91245E48E7D2BA9B4CFD36E"><enum>(G)</enum><text>empower women and
girls;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H589CF79189F646FB86C4AA2F404BA3A9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>support the
creation of a multinational nonviolent peace force;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4674E657EDB949789449B972268FC092"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide for the
exchanges between individuals of the United States and other nations who are
endeavoring to develop domestic and international peace-based initiatives;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H332E025867C64F91BE085176361C8855"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">disseminate applicable policies and
research in consultation with appropriate entities of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H09C6A287E9B3496A83F71F5628AE7A10"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Department of State;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC2B5BD93DC9D4CD9861878827F92A316"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Department of Labor;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA7357C718FAF43B980665AA91D14425C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Peace Corps;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H38EEEFC96ED64C54AE4D8E9C7BA8E631"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the United States Institute of
Peace.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1E9DE23E5DB543F89345A7C8328FDBD0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Grants</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Assistant Secretary for International
Peace Activities shall create a grant program to be known as the International
Cultural Diplomacy for Peace grant program under which the Secretary shall make
grants to elementary schools, secondary schools, institutions of higher
education, nonprofit organizations, and nongovernmental organizations for the
purpose of developing international cultural exchanges, including exchanges
related to the arts and sports, that promote diplomacy and cultural
understanding between the United States and members of the international
community.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HDC9FBBD2C31C4E49942F1C1DE053A0F3"><enum>107.</enum><header>Office of
Technology for Peace</header>
<subsection id="H5B3D6B364F404394B882C3E347939ADC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be in the
Department an Office of Technology for Peace, the head of which shall be the
Assistant Secretary for Technology for Peace. The Assistant Secretary for
Technology for Peace shall carry out those functions in the Department
affecting the awareness, study, and impact of developing new technologies on
the creation and maintenance of domestic and international peace, and
disseminate applicable policies and research in consultation with appropriate
entities of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H36F98EA127E7454FBE57EB77BFF55FAC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Grants</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary for Technology for Peace shall make grants for the research
and development of technologies in transportation, communications, agriculture,
and energy that—</text>
<paragraph id="H471F5E823A514F6285F653FF232139BB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>are nonviolent in
application; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H678460AB96524D139A883B39D1C42590"><enum>(2)</enum><text>encourage the
conservation and sustainability of natural resources in order to prevent future
conflicts regarding scarce resources.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HB14397980D1246FB9DEE3E4E5743CCED"><enum>108.</enum><header>Office of Arms
Control and Disarmament</header>
<subsection id="H26FC146CC70B458595F7F3DD27A0E72C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department an Office of Arms
Control and Disarmament, the head of which shall be the Assistant Secretary for
Arms Control and Disarmament. The Assistant Secretary for Arms Control and
Disarmament shall carry out those functions in the Department affecting arms
control programs and arms limitation agreements.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H64865809D9D24A30B47302C6AF2A5712"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary for Arms Control and Disarmament shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HB4FE17F05E354D27B823E4C221CF6A94"><enum>(1)</enum><text>advise the
Secretary on interagency discussions and international negotiations, including
discussions involving the Secretary of State, the Atomic Energy Commission, and
the Secretary of Defense, regarding the reduction and elimination of weapons of
mass destruction throughout the world, including the dismantling of such
weapons and the safe and secure storage of materials related thereto;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCAC295DD952541B3B77D8CDC75A9C53A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>assist nations,
international agencies, and nongovernmental organizations in assessing the
locations of the buildup of nuclear arms and other weapons of mass
destruction;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5177DB0B9C17490BA03B111718F3BEDE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>develop nonviolent
strategies to deter testing or use of offensive or defensive nuclear weapons
and other weapons of mass destruction, whether based on land, air, sea, or in
space;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC0B29064DAF444C09AFC5B5DD00531DC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>serve as a
depository for copies of all contracts, agreements, and treaties that address
the reduction and elimination of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass
destruction or the protection of space from militarization;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H12CFAECA5F2047019DA6CF2270A6B1CB"><enum>(5)</enum><text>provide technical
support and legal assistance for the implementation of such agreements;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCB439922AAA84FA3ADD13E7A9CBA694C"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">disseminate applicable policies and
research in consultation with appropriate entities of the Department of State
and the Department of Commerce.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H148539214D2E43F79F8CCBDF8589554C"><enum>109.</enum><header>Office of
Peacebuilding Information and Research</header>
<subsection id="H4C492C61A41449C3A3B5DAB78798789E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be in the
Department an Office of Peacebuilding Information and Research, the head of
which shall be the Assistant Secretary for Peacebuilding Information and
Research. The Assistant Secretary for Peacebuilding Information and Research
shall carry out those functions in the Department affecting research and
analysis relating to creating, initiating, and modeling approaches to peaceful
coexistence and nonviolent conflict resolution.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6860F6A4A78A4DF3B927BA80535BFE4C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Assistant Secretary for Peacebuilding
Information and Research shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H21352C72A90D4D7788FC4F3E230A326F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>commission or
compile studies on the impact of war, especially on the physical and mental
condition of children (using the 10-point anti-war agenda in the United Nations
Children’s Fund report, State of the World’s Children 1996, as a guide) that
shall include the study of the effect of war on the environment and public
health;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC5840BF3330E4964ABE29B06C04DA0B2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>compile
information on effective community peacebuilding activities and disseminate
such information to local governments and nongovernmental organizations in the
United States and abroad;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7F5E4A02714842D59152720EA01AF22A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>commission or
compile research on the effect of violence in the media and make such reports
available to the Congress annually;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC25F44D245C44C6923F8F3DF87E21E9"><enum>(4)</enum><text>publish a monthly
journal of the activities of the Department and encourage scholarly
participation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H113EB96E79D84548A0EF23F65AF932BF"><enum>(5)</enum><text>sponsor
conferences throughout the United States to create awareness of the work of the
Department; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C883DF22B0A4A2FBFEAB8B440A14127"><enum>(6)</enum><text>where applicable,
work to carry out the responsibilities under this subsection in consultation
with the United States Institute of Peace and other governmental and
nongovernmental entities, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB52DE9DD75C042D7918026F3E23DAF70"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Department of
Health and Human Services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H73BBDA822C0942E08037A39F9165F8C6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Department of
Justice; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HADA9428140DE4052AD5478667AFDF872"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Department of
State.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H73C403153F4749F0B995B77395BDDF9C"><enum>110.</enum><header>Office of Human
Rights and Economic Rights</header>
<subsection id="H04E7FF069609485787A6CA818936E80D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department an Office of Human
Rights and Economic Rights, the head of which shall be the Assistant Secretary
for Human Rights and Economic Rights. The Assistant Secretary for Human Rights
and Economic Rights shall carry out those functions in the Department that
support the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by
the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 10, 1948.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5E3922C5071D4D07998197F503D88531"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Economic Rights shall—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H0071629B86B6400BB5196E9FB23A375A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>assist the
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State, in furthering the
incorporation of the principles of human rights, as enunciated in the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations General Assembly Resolution 217A
(III) of December 10, 1948, into all agreements between the United States and
other nations to help reduce the causes of violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE632006DD484441BBB572C160F37EA0D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>consult with the
Secretary of State, the Atrocities Prevention Board of the White House, and
other similarly concerned governmental and nongovernmental agencies to gather
information on and document domestic and international human rights abuses,
including genocide, torture, human trafficking, child soldiers, and child
labor, and recommend to the Secretary nonviolent responses to promote
awareness, understanding, and correction of abuses;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB8E27D5A850241BAB3B425B08E768C5F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>make such
information available to other governmental and nongovernmental agencies in
order to facilitate nonviolent conflict resolution;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB274A5A7134D4435B28667B38E1A329B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>provide trained
observers to work with nongovernmental organizations for purposes of creating a
climate conducive to the respect for human rights;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB01FF2905E4A412BABF5357EFABC1873"><enum>(5)</enum><text>conduct economic
analyses of the scarcity of human and natural resources as a source of conflict
and make recommendations to the Secretary for nonviolent prevention of such
scarcity, nonviolent intervention in case of such scarcity, and the development
of programs to assist people facing such scarcity, whether due to armed
conflict, misdistribution of resources, or natural causes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9989FE1F769849EC8B7BE246B2D0FB0B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>assist the
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the
Treasury, in developing strategies regarding the sustainability and the
management of the distribution of funds from international agencies, the
conditions regarding the receipt of such funds, and the impact of those
conditions on the peace and stability of the recipient nations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1615D0D862134EA081D292C988B3576B"><enum>(7)</enum><text>assist the
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of
Labor, in developing strategies to promote full compliance with domestic and
international labor rights law;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H216DB160C455446993D345EA54985429"><enum>(8)</enum><text>conduct policy
analysis to ensure that the international development investments of the United
States positively impact the peace and stability of the recipient nation;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HACB999162B4F4B23BDE15DA7CC2B89BD"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">disseminate policies and research in
consultation with appropriate entities of the Department of State.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H42BB64D3C5254FC0830BAC34F4C4EB29"><enum>111.</enum><header>Intergovernmental
Advisory Council on Peace</header>
<subsection id="HB14C2912B1E44704B975B9695A888D0A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department an advisory committee
known as the Intergovernmental Advisory Council on Peace (in this section
referred to as the <quote>Council</quote>). The Council shall provide
assistance and make recommendations to the President and the Secretary
concerning intergovernmental policies relating to peace and nonviolent conflict
resolution.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF3E39A2B58504F05A12BAB647FFFFDA1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Council shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HC3FED0C981A94E4BAFB8F5A9D703953E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide a forum
for representatives of Federal, State, and local governments to discuss peace
issues;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4237E1C5399B40F6BCD9727DD02E9AF3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>promote better
intergovernmental relations and offer professional mediation services to
resolve intergovernmental conflict as needed; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0FC5723EF2284964A7B81186797F2D26"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">submit biennially, or more frequently if
determined necessary by the Council, a report to the President, the Secretary,
and Congress reviewing the impact of Federal peace activities on the Federal
Government and on State and local governments.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA7EED5BCD91C464CADA597A2859F8E41"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Membership</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall appoint the members of
the Council.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HA304D22699614B06887869B8117AFB7C"><enum>112.</enum><header>Federal
Interagency Committee on Peace</header>
<subsection id="HEC1EBFF89D3D4B9F8906EB631F712D3A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There is established a Federal Interagency
Committee on Peace (in this section referred to as the
<quote>Committee</quote>). The Committee shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HB5FF84A6BD2C4388AA00215F851B3EB5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>assist the
Secretary in providing a mechanism to assure that the procedures and actions of
the Department and other Federal agencies are fully coordinated; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC28713BE81B04373AEAD129C922F08DF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>study and make
recommendations for assuring effective coordination of Federal programs,
policies, and administrative practices affecting peace.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H11B2A1CC2A774695A527D92A787A9096"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Membership</header><text>The
Secretary shall appoint the members of the Committee.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HCA581F22AADD440DBF686D9F1C52A8F7"><enum>113.</enum><header>Staff</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary may appoint and fix the
compensation of such employees as may be necessary to carry out the functions
of the Secretary and the Department. Except as otherwise provided by law, such
employees shall be appointed in accordance with applicable laws and the
compensation of such employees fixed in accordance with title 5, United States
Code.</text>
</section><section id="H5C31BB636E0C4DD3829E6C40AD4681DE"><enum>114.</enum><header>Consultation
required</header>
<subsection id="H7FA9D3D1ED14491ABF60FC113A924D27"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Consultation in
cases of conflict and violence prevention</header>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8E216A92F35441B6990C1160DAA809A6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In any case in which a conflict between the United States
and any other government or entity is imminent or occurring, the Secretary of
Defense and the Secretary of State shall consult with the Secretary of
Peacebuilding concerning violence prevention, nonviolent means of conflict
resolution, and peacebuilding.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD5A0498AFBEC4806A9B9D5A2D3A004C9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Diplomatic
initiatives</header><text>In any case in which a conflict described in
paragraph (1) is ongoing or recently concluded, the Secretary shall conduct an
independent study of diplomatic initiatives undertaken by the United States and
other parties to such conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCD9B36B019724B918C02942333A82041"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Initiative
assessment</header><text>In any case in which a conflict described in paragraph
(1) has recently concluded, the Secretary shall assess the effectiveness of any
initiatives in ending such conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF8A4B546EF5D4BFE9BB0344CF5CF539D"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Consultation
process</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a formal process of
consultation in a timely manner with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of
Defense, and the National Security Council—</text>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC5C8ECA637014D61AB86CAE3D771CAD2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>prior to the
initiation of any armed conflict between the United States and any other
nation; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEA09EB070E944C88A976265A91C0E8A9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for any matter
involving the use of Department of Defense personnel within the United
States.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H57BC187F0A4548CDB3CF3FE9D168A75B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Consultation in
drafting treaties and agreements</header><text>The head of each appropriate
Federal agency shall consult with the Secretary in drafting treaties and peace
agreements.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H02D896CB504B481C9E5EC547976B9E13"><enum>115.</enum><header>Collaboration</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary shall, for the greatest
effectiveness in promoting peace and peacebuilding, collaborate with all
related programs in all Federal agencies.</text>
</section><enum>II</enum><header>OTHER
MATTERS</header>
<section id="H29733000AC9845E0993FD0C5CF638BC1"><enum>201.</enum><header>Legislative
recommendations of the Secretary</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of the
appointment of the first Secretary, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to
Congress proposed legislation containing any necessary and appropriate
amendments to the laws of the United States to carry out the purposes of this
Act.</text>
</section><section id="HA9B8797CCB3A49E5B5EC43A436566C42"><enum>202.</enum><header>Peace
Days</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary shall
encourage citizens to observe and celebrate the blessings of peace and endeavor
to create peace on Peace Days. Such days shall include discussions of the
professional activities and the achievements in the lives of
peacemakers.</text>
</section><section id="H590233B113D94E13B03033796764D51A"><enum>203.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this Act:</text>
<paragraph id="HD86EFCFDC68447188908C93AAB282004"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Department</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <quote>Department</quote> means
the Department of Peacebuilding established under section 101(a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6A7FEB53B9894A9F87BD06BB241B01BA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Elementary
school</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<quote>elementary school</quote> has the meaning given that term in section
9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
7801).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE316F36C70D94FEFA21CE639A6F83A03"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Federal
agency</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<quote>Federal agency</quote> has the meaning given the term
<quote>agency</quote> in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/5/551">section 551(1)</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDB5A54A38BAD4665B61050F9E03B94EC"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Institution of
higher education</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<quote>institution of higher education</quote> has the meaning given that term
in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1001">20 U.S.C. 1001</external-xref>).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H57B0BFFF853B4CD8860E60C46E39110D"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Nonprofit
organization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<quote>nonprofit organization</quote> means an entity that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4DC84AF88D434E6F9317BB0A22682016"><enum>(A)</enum><text>is described in
<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/501">section 501(c)(3)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4C748C010E734FBCBECC3E4DB9C87130"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is exempt from tax
under section 501(a) of such Code.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD633399BC74746DBA947E7F3C436E1B9"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Secondary
school</header><text>The term <quote>secondary school</quote> has the meaning
given that term in section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/7801">20 U.S.C. 7801</external-xref>).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1BF2E9A9984549ABAAEC5C4076A18352"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Secretary</header><text>The
term <quote>Secretary</quote> means the Secretary of Peacebuilding appointed
under section 101(b).</text>
</paragraph></section><section commented="no" id="HD23616191EDF4272A316B8D2EF545F26"><enum>204.</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header>
<subsection id="HC34B0900401348AEB6354E4E4231A97A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There is authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this Act such sums as may be necessary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H57B6EEFCC1F94E37A78C79B6F461738A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation on
use of funds</header><text>Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection
(a), at least 85 percent shall be used for domestic peace programs, including
administrative costs associated with such programs.</text>
</subsection></section>