113 HR 2438 IH: Designating Requirements On Notification of Executive-ordered Strikes Act of 2013
U.S. House of Representatives
2013-06-19
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.Short title; table of
contents
(a)This Act may be cited
as the Designating Requirements On
Notification of Executive-ordered Strikes Act of 2013
or
DRONES
Act
.
(b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Title I—Limitations on Preplanned Lethal Operations Deliberately
Targeting United States Citizens or Citizens of Strategic Treaty
Allies
Sec. 101. Definitions.
Sec. 102. Scope of title.
Sec. 103. Limitation on preplanned lethal operations targeting
United States citizens or citizens of strategic treaty allies.
Sec. 104. Prohibition on preplanned lethal operations inside
the territory of the United States.
Title II—Limitations on Use of Cluster Munitions
Sec. 201. Definitions.
Sec. 202. General limitation on United States use of cluster
munitions.
Sec. 203. Limitation on use of cluster munitions when use is
reasonably likely to unintentionally harm United States citizens or citizens of
strategic treaty ally.
Sec. 204. Cleanup plan.
Sec. 205. Provision of cluster munitions to foreign
nations.
<enum>I</enum><header>Limitations on
Preplanned Lethal Operations Deliberately Targeting United States Citizens or
Citizens of Strategic Treaty Allies</header>
<section id="H2E0F183BF0F64982ACFF37BBBBE13BFD"><enum>101.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="H5B1E39ED06D0438D810E1EF8F146BF5B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appropriate
congressional committees</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
term <term>appropriate congressional committees</term> means the Committee on
the Judiciary, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed
Services, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Homeland
Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on the
Judiciary, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services,
the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Oversight and Government
Reform of the House of Representatives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8402E50ECCE34D43A57C4C4218056978"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Preplanned
lethal operation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>preplanned lethal operation</term> does not include, limit, or restrict
actions taken in immediate self defense or immediate defense of others by
members of the Armed Forces, law enforcement officers, or other persons
authorized to use lethal force in the execution of their duties.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5EB8BCBD5EAE4387BE28A0A7502783D4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Strategic treaty
ally</header><text>The term <term>strategic treaty ally</term> refers to a
member nation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Japan, the Republic of
South Korea, and any other country with which the United States has entered
into a security treaty.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HFDA669E71C7F4554A94EBDA180037B6F"><enum>102.</enum><header>Scope of
title</header>
<subsection id="HC89E835B1FB64ABEBE686DE3AD2C472B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Covered
entities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">This title applies
to all Federal departments and agencies and the Armed Forces.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCAAEA20AF55D4F3E95603E3B0C5B3760"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Covered
preplanned lethal operations</header><text>This title only applies to
preplanned lethal operations that deliberately target a citizen of the United
States or a citizen of a strategic treaty ally of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB828903FBF454F49A86DB4F6A38034E1"><enum>103.</enum><header>Limitation on
preplanned lethal operations targeting United States citizens or citizens of
strategic treaty allies</header>
<subsection id="H9112952E4E2C46EB8A3FB3CF1A5492CB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A Federal department or agency or the Armed
Forces may not deliberately target a citizen of the United States or a citizen
of a strategic treaty ally of the United States in a preplanned lethal
operation unless the preplanned lethal operation is planned and executed
pursuant to a written determination signed personally by the President—</text>
<paragraph id="H383A592DBB284CE681F061F03A8E2DAA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>confirming the
status of the targeted citizen as an enemy combatant; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H524633698F514DED9A7E8D82E35479D4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>authorizing the
deliberate lethal targeting of the citizen based on an articulated need for the
use of such lethal force.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9A1E8C3C3F3D42058FA6A0AEC9725A47"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than
30 days after making a determination under subsection (a), the President shall
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report, in classified form
if necessary—</text>
<paragraph id="H0CCCBA811163493C804D3733F7CED98D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">certifying that the timing and details of
the preplanned lethal operation were approved personally by the President;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBD6CCD83029F455CB3BE8DE37797C13C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>describing in
detail—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA423C2D619374352A6960D4CB2668889"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the information
used to determine that the targeted citizen is an enemy combatant; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4142E43829CC4182B3490289DC4D7A4B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the reasons why
the use of lethal force was necessary.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC8EF5876EB6448B995157D835F385320"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Delegation</header><text>The
President may not delegate—</text>
<paragraph id="H3C918578855A4FF692BCD2D753D5DF2B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the final
determination of enemy combatant status; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF215A3A4C64D435696A6B6B8D547D666"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the final approval of timing and details of
the execution of the preplanned lethal operation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H11B62079B2E245AB8F7C5E5FD7AB8A90"><enum>104.</enum><header>Prohibition on
preplanned lethal operations inside the territory of the United
States</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Nothing in this title
may be construed to authorize any Federal department or agency or the Armed
Forces to deliberately target a citizen of the United States or a citizen of a
strategic treaty ally in a preplanned lethal operation inside the territory of
the United States or any location under the jurisdiction of the United
States.</text>
</section><enum>II</enum><header>Limitations on
Use of Cluster Munitions</header>
<section id="H00A3FC3723574926B619FAA634E2A9E2"><enum>201.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="H79B9346CF72A48FE911C5A1D23D5D27E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appropriate
congressional committees</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
term <term>appropriate congressional committees</term> means the Committee on
Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on
Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on
Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H58FF61898DE943149F7F073DBB051102"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Cluster
munitions</header>
<subparagraph id="H2CBC886C7CC14838913A9FC4E4E0508A"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>cluster munitions</term> means conventional munitions that are designed
to disperse or release explosive submunitions each weighing less than 40
pounds.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H79442283180E462B941C9A200E8678C8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exclusions</header><text>The
term does not include any of the following:</text>
<clause id="HF09F49CBE1F84FD99AF9508E78A3BCE6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>Munitions or
submunitions designed to dispense flares, smoke, pyrotechnics or chaff.</text>
</clause><clause id="H8D267C14F5164947B7440B0B31E29085"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Munitions
designed exclusively for an air defense role.</text>
</clause><clause id="HE620B9185C2A4B63A35AD1348AF6EEDC"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>Munitions or
submunitions designed to produce electrical or electronic effects.</text>
</clause><clause id="H280D44CDDD844E838444147F6D6B4701"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>Munitions that,
in order to avoid indiscriminate area effects and risks posed by unexploded
submunitions, have all of the following characteristics:</text>
<subclause id="HF8C62C9F58094013ACF28AC2950D4D40"><enum>(I)</enum><text>The munition
contains fewer than ten explosive submunitions.</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H611A946CCE41411A8749366737FB7F9A"><enum>(II)</enum><text>Each explosive
submunition is designed to detect and engage a single target object.</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HF6A931D716824F2F817742C2B6B27610"><enum>(III)</enum><text>Each explosive
submunition is equipped with an electronic self-destruction or deactivation
mechanism.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H17E1C16A08FB4195B1CD32E6BEBD7593"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Strategic treaty
ally</header><text>The term <term>strategic treaty ally</term> refers to a
member nation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Japan, the Republic of
South Korea, and any other country with which the United States has entered
into a security treaty.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H40054FCFC25C4A3EB45F509746F56B13"><enum>202.</enum><header>General
limitation on United States use of cluster munitions</header>
<subsection id="HF65E007DB16F408BA8DEA6BCA54B393E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President, head of any Federal
department or agency, or general officer or flag officer of the Armed Forces
may not authorize the use of any cluster munitions unless—</text>
<paragraph id="HCBBDE6ED6D234C758ED6BC26A33D2717"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the submunitions
of the cluster munitions, after arming, will not result in more than 1 percent
unexploded ordnance across the range of intended operational environments;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H36CD856DE1524167BBA35C57AA7C136D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the policy
applicable to the use of the cluster munitions requires that the cluster
munitions—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF087A06D7CA4471FAF4C92DECDA7FC7C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>will only be used
against clearly defined military targets; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA0FDCDA85C27461694024841F5016C3B"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">will not be used in locations where
civilian noncombatants are known to be present or in areas normally inhabited
by civilian noncombatants.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBF3BF7A031A24D669A462E03FD46DEFC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Presidential
waiver authority</header>
<paragraph id="HECCB65DC77214007803217945931C230"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Limited waiver
authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
waive the limitation imposed by subsection (a)(1) if, before authorizing the
use of cluster munitions in a certain situation, the President certifies that
use of the cluster munitions in such situation is vital to protect the security
of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H15AFBA078CD3447584D849DA6646FA4D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date on which the
President makes a certification under paragraph (1), the President shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a report, in classified form if
necessary, describing in detail—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2B96EC3B2D574FA989D4EC0BEAF8AC41"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the reasons for
the certification;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H082CE6A242DD4690977F86CAFBDA72AA"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the steps that were taken or will be taken
to protect civilian noncombatants against contact with the cluster munitions;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H97516B64CCBC45778B7FA5D08EDA760D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the failure rate
of the cluster munitions and whether the cluster munitions are fitted with
self-destruct or self-deactivation devices.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8E6AB3BA81ED4B30B55BCAF119770EDC"><enum>(3)</enum><header>No
delegation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
not delegate the authority to make a certification under paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCDB4FEC168804099A224CC0C8B561CDE"><enum>203.</enum><header>Limitation on
use of cluster munitions when use is reasonably likely to unintentionally harm
United States citizens or citizens of strategic treaty ally</header>
<subsection id="HE8FECC628DFA45CDB7E851CF535BC790"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In addition to the limitation on the use of
cluster munitions applicable under section 202(a), and notwithstanding any
other provision of law, the President, head of any Federal department or
agency, or general officer or flag officer of the Armed Forces may not
authorize the use of any cluster munitions if the use of the cluster munitions
is reasonably likely to unintentionally harm any citizen of the United States
or citizen of a strategic treaty ally of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H514B6D8B4B5C47199B113FA8BDBD68FB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Presidential
waiver authority</header>
<paragraph id="H8A7FEE5D404E49E997F508BF56D6C11D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Limited waiver
authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
waive the limitation imposed by subsection (a) if, before authorizing the use
of cluster munitions, the President certifies that, notwithstanding the risk to
any citizen of the United States or citizen of a strategic treaty ally of the
United States, use of the cluster munitions is vital to protect the security of
the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE7EF9397E9AA4EDE85F5CDCF89BC0973"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date on which the
President makes a certification under paragraph (1), the President shall submit
to the appropriate congressional committees a report, in classified form if
necessary, describing in detail—</text>
<subparagraph id="H94E9DFCDCF694BB0A756D88BCA031D47"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the reasons for
the certification;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H322D12E66C394CF0A42899B293FA502D"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the steps that were taken or will be taken
to prevent unintentional harm to any citizen of the United States or citizen of
a strategic treaty ally of the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF0A32AF3911347A7A22578828C4F75FB"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the failure rate
of the cluster munitions and whether the cluster munitions are fitted with
self-destruct or self-deactivation devices.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4E0C95276B764BC896409AD759D89F8E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>No
delegation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
not delegate the authority to make a certification under paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H88698AB1AB044A3C9A083B4EEA03F9FE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For the purposes
of this section, use of cluster munitions is reasonably likely to
unintentionally harm a United States citizen or a citizen of a strategic treaty
ally in any situation in which any citizen of the United States or any citizen
of a strategic treaty ally is known to be within a two-mile radius of the area
to be targeted with cluster munitions.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB92419E2764D4B46868C3BAD296ED3AF"><enum>204.</enum><header>Cleanup
plan</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 90 days
after the date on which any cluster munitions are used by a Federal department
or agency or the Armed Forces consistent with this title, the President shall
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a plan for cleaning up any
of the cluster munitions and submunitions that fail to explode and, therefore,
continue to pose a hazard to civilian noncombatants.</text>
</section><section id="H5698A0713EBE47F69C45EE69C111FA12"><enum>205.</enum><header>Provision of
cluster munitions to foreign nations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The President, head of any Federal
department or agency, or general officer or flag officer of the Armed Forces
may not provide any cluster munitions to a foreign nation, agency, or armed
forces unless—</text>
<paragraph id="H533BF74A0335400FB2695F7BC12CFCF5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the cluster
munitions to be provided will be used in a combined military operation with the
United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD6F557051C8A496C999ABB631DBC55C1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the use of the
cluster munitions complies with the provisions of this title.</text>
</paragraph></section>